Chapter 19: Monitoring Immunological Response over Time and Resistance

Tracking Cellular Changes During Therapy

Mass cytometry allows us to observe the evolving cellular landscape of tumors during treatment, providing crucial insights into therapeutic efficacy and potential resistance mechanisms.

A landmark study by Leelatian et al. (2017) in Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry demonstrated the utility of mass cytometry for analyzing human tissues and solid tumors. This work laid the groundwork for using CyTOF to track cellular changes during therapy in clinical settings.

A recent study published by Burnett et al. in Immunity (2022) demonstrated that mass cytometry can identify a consistent immune recovery pathway in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Analysis over time within individual patients revealed shifts in myeloid and T cell levels and a decrease in immune cell communication across different types of cells as the disease improved and patients were discharged. These changes, along with an increase in regulatory T cells and decreased signaling in basophils, were also seen in patients recovering from respiratory failure and were linked to better outcomes upon admission. Despite variations in patients’ immune profiles and disease progression, a common immune pathway characterizes recovery from severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.

mass cytometry can identify a consistent immune recovery pathway in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

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CAR T-cells are amazing. They're like tiny superheroes in our body, fighting cancer. I find them fascinating, and there's still so much to learn about them. I worked on CAR T-cells at Novartis. It's big science and big business rolled into one. Here's a funny thing: some of my closest friends work on CAR T-cells too. One makes them in the lab, another plans how to use them to help patients. What are the odds? It's a small world, especially when you're dealing with these microscopic cancer fighters. Who knew that these engineered cells would not only help fight disease, but also connect old friends? So here's to CAR T-cells - bringing people together while battling cancer. Now that's what I call a win-win!

CAR T cell therapy
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